Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons

Displaying 1001 - 1050 of 19195CSV
Brown, J. R., Li, J., Eichhorst, B., Lamanna, N., O’Brien, S. M., Tam, C. S., Qiu, L., Huang, R., Shi, Y., Idoine, A., Salmi, T., Cohen, A. C., & Shadman, M. (2025). ACQUIRED MUTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY CLL WHO PROGRESSED IN THE ALPINE STUDY. Blood Advances. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024014206
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
More Information
Mercedes, R., Corey, Z., Gaither, T., Lehman, E., Lemack, G. E., Clifton, M. M., Klausner, A. P., Mehta, A., Atiemo, H., Lee, R., Sorensen, M. D., Smith, R., Buckley, J., Thompson, R. H., Breyer, B. N., Badalato, G. M., Wallen, E. M., & Raman, J. D. (2025). Impact of Subsequent Fellowship on Urology Chief Resident Case Log Volumes. Journal of Surgical Education, 82(4), 103433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103433
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Huang, Y., Liu, K., Li, G., Wu, H., Fu, G., Jian, B., Pan, J., Chu, T., Zhang, Y., Liang, M., Zhou, Z., & Wu, Z. (2025). Impact of preoperative anemia in ischemic cardiomyopathy with or without coronary artery bypass grafting. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 17(1), 198–208. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-24-1187
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
Scopus Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
İnam, M. G., İnam, O., Yang, X., Zeng, Q., & Tezel, G. (2025). Integrating Retinal Segmentation Metrics with Machine Learning for Predictions from Mouse SD-OCT Scans. Current Eye Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2456783
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Luke, J. J., Sweis, R. F., Hecht, J. R., Schneider, R., Stein, M. N., Golan, T., Yap, T. A., Khilnani, A., Huang, M., Zhao, R., Jemielita, T., & Patel, S. P. (2025). Intratumoral or Subcutaneous MK-2118, a Noncyclic Dinucleotide STING Agonist, with or without Pembrolizumab, for Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors or Lymphomas. Clinical Cancer Research, 31(7), 1233–1242. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-2824
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Shulman, M., Meyers-Ohki, S., Novo, P., Provost, S., Ohrtman, K., Van Veldhuisen, P., Oden, N., Otterstatter, M., Bailey, G. L., Liu, D., Rotrosen, J., Weiss, R. D., & Nunes, E. V. (2025). Optimizing retention strategies for opioid use disorder pharmacotherapy: The retention phase of the CTN-0100 trial (RDD). Contemporary Clinical Trials, 150, 107816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2025.107816
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Scopus Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Leone, R. M., Remondelli, M. H., Brill, J. B., & Baker, J. B. (2025). Response to the Editor Reply: Disguised Among the Sea: The Implications of Artificial Islands on Casualty Care in the Indo-Pacific. Military Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaf018
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Fu, X., Mo, S., Buendia, A., Laurent, A. P., Shao, A., Alvarez-Torres, M. del M., Yu, T., Tan, J., Su, J., Sagatelian, R., Ferrando, A. A., Ciccia, A., Lan, Y., Owens, D. M., Palomero, T., Xing, E. P., & Rabadan, R. (2025). A foundation model of transcription across human cell types. Nature, 637(8047), 965–973. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08391-z
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Bommersbach, T. J., Olfson, M., & Rhee, T. G. (2025). Trends in depressive symptoms among high school students with and without health-risk behaviors in the United States: A population-based study. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 42, 101000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101000
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Scopus Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Vargas, F., Batra, J., Lemos, C., Magun, E., Salazar, R. A., Taylor, C. N., Donald, E. M., Driggin, E., Regan, M., McArthur-Murphy, R., Lumish, H., Concha, D., Chung, A., Golob, S., Latif, F., Clerkin, K. J., Takeda, K., Sayer, G., Uriel, N., & DeFilippis, E. M. (2025). Outcomes after Heart Transplantation among Non-Native English-Speaking Recipients. Journal of Cardiac Failure. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2024.12.010
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Davis, R. J., Akst, L. M., Allen, C. T., Battafarano, R. J., Born, H. L., Bryson, P. C., Clary, M. S., Crosby, T., Dhillon, V. K., Dion, G., Kavookjian, H., Leahy, K. P., Lina, I., Mirza, N., Morrison, R. J., Motz, K. M., Nelson, R. C., Preciado, D., Sandu, K., … Gelbard, A. (2025). Third Proceedings of The North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC). JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4963
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Santana, V. O., Ramos, A. C., Cogo-Moreira, H., Araújo, C. M., Alves, B. S., Ribeiro, L., Lodi, A., Milani, A. C. C., Silva, I., Duarte, C. S., Posner, J., & Jackowski, A. P. (2025). Sex-specific association between maternal childhood adversities and offspring’s weight gain in a Brazilian cohort. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87078-5
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Mesa, N., Perez, S., Rodriguez, L., Rodriguez, P., Nieder, A. M., & Barengo, N. C. (2025). Ethnicity and race as modifiers of the association between patient sex and stage at diagnosis of bladder cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, 95, 102749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2025.102749
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Poyraz, F. C., Rossitto, C. P., Ridha, M., Simonetto, M., Kumar, A., Hess, E., White, E., Mao, E., Sieh, L., Ghoshal, S., Agarwal, S., Park, S., Claassen, J., Connolly, E. S., Mocco, J., Kellner, C. P., & Roh, D. J. (2025). Hemoglobin Decrements are Associated with Ischemic Brain Lesions and Poor Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocritical Care. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-024-02206-9
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Bazazi, A. R., Thomas, M., Vittinghoff, E., Walkup, J., Hermida, R., Arnold, E. A., Cournos, F., Crystal, S., Dawson, L., Dahiya, P., Alonso-Fraire, P., Dilley, J., Olfson, M., & Mangurian, C. (2025). Schizophrenia and retention in HIV care among adults insured through Medicaid in the United States: a population-based retrospective cohort study. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003606
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Lipshutz, A., Saltz, V., Anderson, K. R., Manganaro, A., & Dumitriu, D. (2025). A localized tracing technique to explore intra-amygdala functional and structural correlates of individual variability in behavioral response. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2025.1347539
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
Web of Science Record
PubMed Record
More Information

Oren, D., Elsaygh, J., Moeller, C. M., Fernandez-Valledor, A., Lorenzana, A., Ramchandani, S., Nair, R., Bar-Cohen, R., Pink, K., Ashfaq, A., Fenton, F., Kolbe, L., Letarte, L., Zepeda, I., Mihatov, N., Alishetti, S., Ramasubbu, K., Peterson, S. J., & Parikh, M. A. (2024). Utility of Guideline-Directed Therapy on Mortality and Readmissions in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Heart Failure Patients. Cardiology in review, 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000823. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000823

Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Marks, L. J., Ritter, V., Agrusa, J., Kamdar, K. Y., Rivers, J., Gardner, R. A., Ehrhardt, M. J., Devine, K. J., Phillips, C. A., Reilly, A. F., August, K., Weinstein, J. L., Satwani, P., Forlenza, C. J., Smith, C. M., Greer, C., Afify, Z., Lin, C. H., Belsky, J. A., … Aftandilian, C. (2025). Pediatric relapsed/refractory ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma treatment and outcomes in the targeted drug era. Blood Advances. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2024014745
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Shen, B., Ko, H. M., Kiran, R., & Church, J. (2025). Resolution of cuffitis after removal surgical staple from ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Gastroenterology Report, 13. https://doi.org/10.1093/gastro/goaf002
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Oomens, J. E., van Gils, V., Vos, S. J. B., Freeze, W. M., Maserejian, N. N., Curiale, G., Gillis, C., Boada, M., van der Flier, W. M., Hort, J., Johnson, S. C., Lleó, A., Ramakers, I. H., Rodrigue, K. M., Sánchez-Juan, P., Sarazin, M., Scarmeas, N., Zetterberg, H., … Alcolea, D. (2025). Cerebral Microbleeds and Amyloid Pathology Estimates From the Amyloid Biomarker Study. JAMA Network Open, 8(1), e2455571. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55571
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Hansen, K. N., Trøan, J., Maehara, A., Noori, M., Hougaard, M., Ellert-Gregersen, J., Veien, K. T., Junker, A., Hansen, H. S., Lassen, J. F., & Jensen, L. O. (2025). Optimal Predilatation Treatment Before Implantation of a Magmaris Bioresorbable Scaffold in Coronary Artery Stenosis: The OPTIMIS Trial. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1161/circinterventions.124.014665
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Goldberg, A. R., Dovas, A., Torres, D., Pereira, B., Viswanathan, A., Das Sharma, S., Mela, A., Merricks, E. M., Megino-Luque, C., McInvale, J. J., Olabarria, M., Shokooh, L. A., Zhao, H. T., Chen, C., Kotidis, C., Calvaresi, P., Banu, M. A., Razavilar, A., Sudhakar, T. D., … Canoll, P. (2025). Glioma-induced alterations in excitatory neurons are reversed by mTOR inhibition. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.12.026
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Scopus Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Bushnell, G., Lloyd, K., Olfson, M., Gerhard, T., Keyes, K., Cerdá, M., & Hasin, D. (2025). Nationwide trends in diagnosed sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use disorders in adolescents and young adults enrolled in Medicaid: 2001–2019. Addiction. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16749
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
More Information
Goldman, M. P., Slade, M. D., Gielissen, K., Hirsch, A. W., Prabhu, E. A., Dunne, D. W., & Auerbach, M. A. (2025). Procedural Entrustment Alignment Between Pediatric Residents and Their Preceptors in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatric Emergency Care. https://doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000003330
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Tonsho, M., O, J. M., Ahrens, K., Robinson, K., Sommer, W., Boskovic, S., Patel, P. M., Becerra, D. C., Huh, K. H., Miller, C. L., Dehnadi, A., Hanekamp, I., Rosales, I. A., Colvin, R. B., Sachs, D. H., Alessandrini, A., Cosimi, A., Fairchild, R. L., Cravedi, P., … Madsen, J. C. (2025). Cardiac allograft tolerance can be achieved in nonhuman primates by donor bone marrow and kidney cotransplantation. Science Translational Medicine, 17(782). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.ads0255
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Paddock, M., Bains, P. S., Kvist, O., Andronikou, S., Franchi-Abella, S., van Rijn, R. R., Arthurs, O. J., & Offiah, A. C. (2025). The publication fate of abstracts awarded prizes at European Society of Paediatric Radiology annual scientific meetings. Pediatric Radiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-06152-8
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Sato, R., Sakamoto, A., Suwa, K., Iguchi, K., Sano, M., Akita, K., Satoh, T., Tsukui, H., Ikoma, T., & Maekawa, Y. (2025). Alcohol septal ablation in drug-refractory hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy patient with multiple comorbidities. Journal of Cardiology Cases, 31(1), 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jccase.2024.09.003
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Jorth, P., Manuel, C., McLemore, T., Humphries, R. M., Cole, N. C., Schuetz, A. N., Garica, D., Maldonado, M., Rivero, N., Milesi Galdino, A. C., Celedonio, D., LiPuma, J. J., Green, D. A., Zlosnik, J. E. A., Traczewski, M., & Huse, H. K. (2025). Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates from people with and without cystic fibrosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01480-24
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Krishnamurthy, A., Wang, H., Rhee, J. C., Davar, D., Moy, R. H., Ratner, L., Christner, S. M., Holleran, J. L., Deppas, J., Sclafani, C., Schmitz, J. C., Gore, S., Chu, E., Bakkenist, C. J., Beumer, J. H., & Villaruz, L. C. (2025). Phase I trial of ATR inhibitor elimusertib with FOLFIRI in advanced or metastatic gastrointestinal malignancies (ETCTN 10406). Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 95(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-024-04745-6
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Theodoro, D. L., Coneybeare, D., Lema, P., Renz, N., Wallace, L., Ablordeppey, E., Stickles, S., Rosenthal, A., Holley, I., Chamarti, S., Acuña, J., Patterson, J., Ancona, R., & Adhikari, S. (2025). Sensitivity of Lung Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound (POCUS) to Predict Oxygen Requirements in Emerging Viral Infections. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.16647
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Zunza, M., Thabane, L., Kuhn, L., Els, C., Lombard, C., Cotton, M. F., & Young, T. (2025). A randomized controlled, trial on effects of mobile phone text messaging in combination with motivational interviewing versus standard infant feeding counselling on breastfeeding and child health outcomes, among women living with HIV. International Breastfeeding Journal, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-024-00693-2
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Zuckerman, J. B., Hinton, A. C., Lahiri, T., Teneback, C. C., Jia, S., Mermis, J., Polineni, D., Dasenbrook, E., Sadeghi, H., DiMango, E., Dezube, R., West, N. E., Zemanick, E. T., Samya, Z. N., & Gifford, A. H. (2025). C‐Reactive Protein Changes in Adult and Pediatric People With Cystic Fibrosis During Treatment of Pulmonary Exacerbations. Pediatric Pulmonology, 60(1). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27487
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Elad, B., Lee, C., Rahman, A., Rzechorzek, W., DeFilippis, E. M., Lotan, D., Moeller, C. M., Valledor, A. F., Rahman, S., Baranowska, J., Clerkin, K., Fried, J., Yunis, A., Yuzefpolskaya, M., Colombo, P. C., Kaku, Y., Naka, Y., Takeda, K., Raikhelkar, J., … Uriel, N. (2025). Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices. Artificial Organs. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.14942
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Zhang, X., Cooper, C. B., Prince, M. R., Ambale-Venkatesh, B., Agarwal, P. P., Backman, M. C., Bluemke, D. A., Couper, D., Dashnaw, S. M., Finn, J. P., Hansel, N. N., Hoffman, E. A., Jambawalikar, S., Kitzman, D. W., Krishnan, J. A., Lee, Y. J., Lima, J. A. C., Liu, J., Menchaca, M. G., … Shen, W. (2025). MRI-assessed Dynamic Hyperinflation Induced by Tachypnea in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The SPIROMICS-HF Study. Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.240053
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Scopus Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Api, A. M., Bartlett, A., Belsito, D., Botelho, D., Bruze, M., Bryant-Friedrich, A., Burton, G. A., Cancellieri, M. A., Chon, H., Dagli, M. L., Dekant, W., Deodhar, C., Farrell, K., Fryer, A. D., Jones, L., Joshi, K., Lapczynski, A., Lavelle, M., Lee, I., … Tokura, Y. (2025). Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4,8-dimethyl-7-nonen-2-ol, CAS Registry Number 40596-76-7. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 197, 115259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2025.115259
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Andrade Azevedo de Vasconcelos, A., Kyun Oh, J., Guan, B., Torres, V. L. L., Lynch Gaete, M. I., & Lima de Carvalho, J. R. (2025). A novel frameshift variant in the GJA1 gene is associated with recessive oculodentodigital dysplasia. Ophthalmic Genetics, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2024.2447499
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Mason, R. D., Zhang, B., Morano, N. C., Shen, C.-H., McKee, K., Heimann, A., Du, R., Nazzari, A. F., Hodges, S., Kanai, T., Lin, B. C., Louder, M. K., Doria-Rose, N. A., Zhou, T., Shapiro, L., Roederer, M., Kwong, P. D., & Gorman, J. (2025). Structural development of the HIV-1 apex-directed PGT145-PGDM1400 antibody lineage. Cell Reports, 44(1), 115223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115223
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Kukreja, J., Campo-Canaveral de la Cruz, J. L., Van Raemdonck, D., Cantu, E., Date, H., D’Ovidio, F., Hartwig, M., Klapper, J. A., Kelly, R. F., Lindstedt, S., Rosso, L., Schaheen, L., Smith, M., Whitson, B., Saddoughi, S. A., & Cypel, M. (2025). The 2024 American Association for Thoracic Surgery expert consensus document: Current standards in donor lung procurement and preservation. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 169(2), 484–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2024.08.052
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Joung, K. E., Prendergast, M., Marchioni, O., & Testa, S. Z. (2025). The effects of early enteral feeding, fortification, and rapid feeding advancement in extremely low birth weight infants. Early Human Development, 201, 106202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106202
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
Scopus Record
More Information
Fisher, P. W., Litwin, H. D., Riddle, M. A., & Margolis, A. E. (2025). Report of a Work Group on Nonverbal Learning Disability: Consensus Criteria for Developmental Visual-Spatial Disorder, a Reconceptualization of Nonverbal Learning Disability for DSM Consideration. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2025.01.007
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Api, A. M., Bartlett, A., Belsito, D., Botelho, D., Bruze, M., Bryant-Friedrich, A., Burton, G. A., Cancellieri, M. A., Chon, H., Dagli, M. L., Dekant, W., Deodhar, C., Farrell, K., Fryer, A. D., Jones, L., Joshi, K., Lapczynski, A., Lavelle, M., Lee, I., … Tokura, Y. (2025). RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-ethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)phenol, CAS Registry Number 5595-79-9. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 197, 115260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2025.115260
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
More Information
Bairami, S., Scarmeas, N., Yannakoulia, M., Dardiotis, E., Sakka, P., Hadjigeorgiou, G., Tsapanou, A., & Kosmidis, M. H. (2025). Can Sleep Predict Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia? Results From the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet Study. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1097/wad.0000000000000661
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
PubMed Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
Krishnamurthy, H. K., Jayaraman, V., Krishna, K., Wang, T., Bei, K., Changalath, C., Matilda, S., Rai, A. J., Welc-Falęciak, R., Pawełczyk, A., Blanton, L. S., Chrdle, A., Fořtová, A., Růžek, D., Nasrallah, G. K., Abu-Raddadi, L. J., Al-Sadeq, D. W., Abdallah, M. A. A., Lilleri, D., … Rajasekaran, J. J. (2025). A customizable multiplex protein microarray for antibody testing and its application for tick-borne and other infectious diseases. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84467-0
Publication Date
Columbia Affiliation
View
OpenAlex Record
Web of Science Record
More Information
CSV

Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons