Sarcopenia: Definition, Diagnosis, and Implications

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Cefis, M., Marcangeli, V., Hammad, R., Granet, J., Leduc-Gaudet, J.-P., Gaudreau, P., Trumpff, C., Huang, Q., Picard, M., Aubertin-Leheudre, M., Bélanger, M., Robitaille, R., Morais, J. A., & Gouspillou, G. (2025). Impact of physical activity on physical function, mitochondrial energetics, ROS production, and Ca2+ handling across the adult lifespan in men. Cell Reports Medicine, 6(2), 101968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.101968
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Chen, L. N., Ma, X., Herzberg, B., Henick, B. S., Biswas, A. K., Acharyya, S., & Shu, C. A. (2024). Weight loss in patients on osimertinib for metastatic EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. The Oncologist. https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyae315
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Chen, A., Bowles, E. J. A., Chubak, J., Cosentino, S., Genkinger, J. M., Levine, D. A., Tehranifar, P., Wolfova, K., & Tom, S. E. (2024). The Relationship between Cancer Diagnosis Timing and Cognition in Older Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 20(S7). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.092394
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El Jurdi, N., Te, H. S., Cao, Q., Napurski, C., Wang, S., Robinson, A., Arora, M., ElHusseini, H., He, F., Niedernhofer, L. J., Thyagarajan, B., Prizment, A., Holtan, S., Blaes, A. H., & Yousefzadeh, M. J. (2024). Frailty and pre-frailty associated with long-term diminished physical performance and quality of life in breast cancer and hematopoietic cell transplant survivors. Aging, 16(18), 12432–12442. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206109
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Blair, C., Shields, J., Mullan, R., Johnston, W., Davenport, A., Fouque, D., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Maxwell, P., McKeaveney, C., Noble, H., Porter, S., Seres, D., Slee, A., Swaine, I., Witham, M., & Reid, J. (2024). The lived experience of renal cachexia: An interpretive phenomenological analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 7, 100235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100235
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Enzer, N. A., Chiles, J., Mason, S., Shirahata, T., Castro, V., Regan, E., Choi, B., Yuan, N. F., Diaz, A. A., Washko, G. R., McDonald, M.-L., Estépar, R. S. J., Ash, S. Y., Hanania, N. A., Atik, M., Bertrand, L., Boriek, A., Monaco, T., … Ruiz, M. E. (2024). Proteomics and machine learning in the prediction and explanation of low pectoralis muscle area. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68447-y
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Schoeman, J., Kellerman, I.-M., Ladas, E. J., Ndlovu, S., Rogers, P. C., du Plessis, J., Herholdt, M., Reynders, D. T., Naidu, G., Rowe, B., Thomas, K., Vanemmenes, B., Mathews, R., Büchner, A., Omar, F. E., Ronelle, U., & Kruger, M. (2024). Implemented nutritional intervention algorithm in pediatric oncology compared to standard nutritional supportive care outcomes. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 63, 870–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.08.019
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Denfeld, Q. E., Jha, S. R., Fung, E., Jaarsma, T., Maurer, M. S., Reeves, G. R., Afilalo, J., Beerli, N., Bellumkonda, L., De Geest, S., Gorodeski, E. Z., Joyce, E., Kobashigawa, J., Mauthner, O., McDonagh, J., Uchmanowicz, I., Dickson, V. V., Lindenfeld, J., & Macdonald, P. (2024). Assessing and managing frailty in advanced heart failure: An International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation consensus statement. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 43(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2023.09.013
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Wunderle, C., Siegenthaler, J., Seres, D. S., & Schuetz, P. (2023). Revisiting the nutritional risk screening (NRS) score: need for adaptation to predict treatment response. a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 58, 658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.09.684
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Hoost, S. S., Honig, L. S., Kang, M. S., Sanchez, D., Reyes‐Dumeyer, D., Lantigua, R. A., Dage, J. L., Brickman, A. M., Manly, J. J., Mayeux, R., & Gu, Y. (2023). Nutrient intake in relation to longitudinal change of blood‐based biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 19(S15). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.079125
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Rtabi, H., Driggin, E., Kurian, D. C., Maurer, M. A., & Raiszadeh, F. (2023). Food insecurity is associated with a higher body mass index and lower albumin levels in patients with congestive heart failure in the All of Us research program. European Heart Journal, 44(Supplement_2). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.860
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Zemel, B. S., Shepherd, J. A., Grant, S. F. A., Lappe, J. M., Oberfield, S. E., Mitchell, J. A., Winer, K. K., Kelly, A., & Kalkwarf, H. J. (2023). Reference ranges for body composition indices by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study Cohort. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 118(4), 792–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.006
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Ramonfaur, D., Skali, H., Claggett, B., Windham, B. G., Palta, P., Kitzman, D., Ndumele, C., Konety, S., & Shah, A. M. (2023). Bidirectional Association Between Frailty and Cardiac Structure and Function: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, 12(15). https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.122.029458
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Sharma, R., Schluger, A., Ahmed, F. S., Nobel, Y. R., Guo, X., Zhao, B., & Verna, E. C. (2023). Visceral adiposity in cirrhosis: Association with disease severity and impact of liver transplantation. Hepatology Communications, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.1097/hc9.0000000000000113
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Casanova, R., Anderson, A., Barnard, R., Justice, J., Kucharska‐Newton, A., Windham, B. G., Palta, P., Gottesman, R. F., Mosley, T. H., Hughes, T. M., Wagenknecht, L. E., & Kritchevsky, S. B. (2023). MRI‐based measure of dementia risk derived using machine learning is strongly associated with measures of longevity and biological age. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 19(S3). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.061899
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Damasco-Avila, E., Zelaya Sagastizado, S., Carrillo, M., Blanco, J., Fu, L., Espinoza, D., & Ladas, E. J. (2023). Improving the Quality of the Delivery of Nutritional Care Among Children Undergoing Treatment for Cancer in a Low- and Middle-Income Country. JCO Global Oncology, 9. https://doi.org/10.1200/go.23.00074
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Singer, J. P., Calfee, C. S., Delucchi, K., Diamond, J. M., Anderson, M. A., Benvenuto, L. A., Gao, Y., Wang, P., Arcasoy, S. M., Lederer, D. J., Hays, S. R., Kukreja, J., Venado, A., Kolaitis, N. A., Leard, L. E., Shah, R. J., Kleinhenz, M. E., Golden, J., Betancourt, L., … Christie, J. D. (2023). Subphenotypes of frailty in lung transplant candidates. American Journal of Transplantation, 23(4), 531–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2023.01.020
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Nishikawa, M., Carey, M. R., Ladanyi, A., Mondellini, G. M., Pinsino, A., Antler, K., Goldberg, E., Hastie, J., Clerkin, K., Sayer, G. T., Uriel, N., Takeda, K., Colombo, P. C., & Yuzefpolskaya, M. (2023). (765) Impact of Perioperative Sarcopenia and Dysphagia on LVAD Related Complications. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 42(4), S337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.779
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Yuzefpolskaya, M., Bohn, B., Ladanyi, A., Mondellini, G. M., Pinsino, A., Antler, K., Clerkin, K., Latif, F., Kurlansky, P. A., Sayer, G. T., Uriel, N., Takeda, K., Uhlemann, A., Colombo, P. C., & Demmer, R. T. (2023). (385) Association of Sarcopenia and Gut Microbiome in HF, LVAD and Heart Transplant. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 42(4), S182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1689
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Ducca, E. L., Gomez, G. T., Palta, P., Sullivan, K. J., Jack, C. R., Knopman, D. S., Gottesman, R. F., Walston, J., Windham, B. G., & Walker, K. A. (2022). Physical Frailty and Brain White Matter Abnormalities: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 78(2), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac111
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Zhu, J., Chen, C., Lu, L., Shikany, J. M., D’Alton, M. E., & Kahe, K. (2023). Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12Status in Association With Metabolic Syndrome Incidence. JAMA Network Open, 6(1), e2250621. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50621
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Blair, C., Slee, A., Davenport, A., Fouque, D., Johnston, W., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Maxwell, P., McKeaveney, C., Mullan, R., Noble, H., Porter, S., Seres, D., Shields, J., Swaine, I., Witham, M., & Reid, J. (2022). Developing an Evidence and Theory Based Multimodal Integrative Intervention for the Management of Renal Cachexia: A Theory of Change. Healthcare, 10(12), 2344. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122344
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Blair, C., Shields, J., Mullan, R., Johnston, W., Davenport, A., Fouque, D., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Maxwell, P., McKeaveney, C., Noble, H., Porter, S., Seres, D., Slee, A., Swaine, I., Witham, M., & Reid, J. (2022). Exploring the lived experience of renal cachexia for individuals with end-stage renal disease and the interrelated experience of their carers: Study protocol. PLOS ONE, 17(11), e0277241. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277241
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Ramonfaur, D. R., Buckley, L. B., Arthur, V. A., Claggett, B. C., Ndumele, C. N., Walker, K. A. W., Kitzman, D. K., Konety, S. K., Schrack, J. S., Liu, F. L., Windham, B. G. W., Palta, P. P., Coresh, J. C., Yu, B. Y., & Shah, A. M. S. (2022). Proteomic biomarkers associated with incident heart failure and frailty in late life. European Heart Journal, 43(Supplement_2). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.909

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Hu, X., Mok, Y., Ding, N., Sullivan, K. J., Lutsey, P. L., Schrack, J. A., Palta, P., & Matsushita, K. (2022). Physical Function and Subsequent Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, 11(17). https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.121.025780
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Intenzo, C., Gulati, A., Bober, G., Jabbour, S., Miller, J., Ahmed, I., Furlong, K., Kim, S., Wu, C., Capuzzi, D., & Bilezikian, J. P. (2022). A significant interval decline in bone mineral density in osteopenic patients is not part of the FRAX report. Armenian Journal of Health & Medical Sciences, 44–46. https://doi.org/10.54235/27382737-2022.v2.1-44
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Jain, P., Binder, A. M., Chen, B., Parada, H., Gallo, L. C., Alcaraz, J., Horvath, S., Bhatti, P., Whitsel, E. A., Jordahl, K., Baccarelli, A. A., Hou, L., Stewart, J. D., Li, Y., Justice, J. N., & LaCroix, A. Z. (2022). Analysis of Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Healthy Longevity Among Older US Women. JAMA Network Open, 5(7), e2223285. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.23285
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Wing, R. R., Neiberg, R. H., Bahnson, J. L., Clark, J. M., Espeland, M. A., Hill, J. O., Johnson, K. C., Knowler, W. C., Olson, K., Steinburg, H., Pi-Sunyer, X., Wadden, T. A., Wyatt, H., Clark, J. M., Swartz, L., Jiggetts, D., Charleston, J., Cheskin, L., Maruthur, N. M., … Maeda, J. (2022). Weight Change During the Postintervention Follow-up of Look AHEAD. Diabetes Care, 45(6), 1306–1314. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-1990
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Huang, J., Cao, H., Shea, S., Chan, C., Zeevi, A., & Seres, D. (2022). Preliminary Analysis for Development of AI to Identify Hospitalized Patients for Whom Nourishment Will Provide Benefit. Current Developments in Nutrition, 6, 743. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac062.012
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Williams, K. M., Darukhanavala, A., Hicks, R., & Kelly, A. (2022). An update on methods for assessing bone quality and health in Cystic fibrosis. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, 27, 100281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcte.2021.100281
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Windham, B. G., Parker, S. B., Zhu, X., Gabriel, K. P., Palta, P., Sullivan, K. J., Parker, K. G., Knopman, D. S., Gottesman, R. F., Griswold, M. E., & Mosley, T. H. (2022). Endurance and gait speed relationships with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 14(1). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12281
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